Birth of second child doubles risk of poverty. "Investigations reveal reduction of poverty level but families with children still belong to poor level of population". 60% of poor Russians are families with children: they refer to this category twice more often than others. Birth of second child pushes almost every family to poverty. "Population reacts rationally: second child in a family is rare". Current social programs compensate deficit of poor citizen`s income only by 12.6%. If minimum wage is increased to half, and child welfare payments - to ╪ of living wage, then poverty will decrease by 4% and income of population will increase by 1.2%. Along with children in families, 150 thousands children live at streets of Moscow. 1 million children are brought up at boarding schools. They are also poor children. By information on Ministry of Health, since Janary1 to September 1 amount of children reduced from 30 to 29.2 millions: birth rate also decreases.