Russians eat imported fish, produced with violation of sanitary norms. The return of the Russian fish on the domestic market and provide the population with quality fish products declared priorities of the development of Russian fishing industry. According to the calculations of the all-Russia Association of fisheries enterprises, entrepreneurs and exporters (rnafee), in 2013 of the total catch in 4,250 million tons of water and biological resources produced 3,009 million tons of fish products. Of them 1,883 million tons was exported to the Russian market only 1,126 million tons and more 1,014 registered million tons obtained through imports. As a result, the ratio of domestic and imported fish on the Russian market is 53% and 47%, which is far from approved by the food security Doctrine of the 80% level.
In may, President Vladimir Putin signed a number of instructions aimed at improving efficiency of the fishing industry. In particular, already in the near future it is necessary to finalize and approve the Federal target program "Increase of efficiency of use and development of resource potential of the fisheries complex in 2015-2020 and for the period up to 2023 year". One of the key objectives of the Federal program is to overcome the raw material orientation of the industry and development of manufacture of products with high degree of processing.
Experts are sounding the alarm: instead of putting on the domestic market more environmentally friendly and helpful wild fish caught in Russian seas, we buy Asian fishery products are often produced with violation of sanitary norms. So on our shelves is brought from Vietnamese pangasius (prodavaya under the guise of "sole") and living in the Mekong is one of the dirtiest rivers in the world, which merge water from industrial enterprises and sewage. Also the market is full of low-quality Chinese fillet, which is two times lower than those in Russia due to exceeding the icy glaze and use of the increasing volume of the product of tripolifosfat.
How to solve the above problems? The Federal fishery Agency and the Association of manufacturers said about the necessity of promoting the consumption of domestic products and the formation of the list of fish species, which will be located at affordable prices. Also to compulsory measures analysts attributed the state support of production, storage, delivery, processing and sale of fish products.
Consider a situation in one of the most "democratic" fish - Pollock. The main earners in the world are Russia and the US, which account for 55% and 43% of the global catch, respectively (about 3 million tons). However, the economic model Americans more profitable, says the report of the Commission of the RUIE on fisheries and aquaculture "the Strategic logic of development of the main measures of the Russian market of fish products and increase sales of products with high degree of processing on foreign markets". As noted in the document, this is achieved through a special program of purchases of products from Pollock for state needs and high coordination of marketing activity of the enterprises of the country.
Thus, realization of the national program "Children's nutrition", including the school lunch and Breakfast, as well as the program "Additional nutrition of children, pregnant and lactating women", which is annually spent more than 40 billion dollars, have also contributed to the American fishermen guaranteed market, provided they comply with the strictest standards of quality and safety of products. In American schools are sold annually over 30% is supplied to the domestic market (15 thousand tons) Alaska Pollock fillet of the highest quality.
For comparison: Russian enterprises produce about 30 thousand tons of Pollock fillet, however, unlike the US, procurement for Russian government institutions are not made. Note that in the Soviet Union the most part implemented Pollock are distributed among budgetary institutions at the expense of the state order.
Implementation of the program of procurement of products for state needs will increase the production of products with high degree of processing, the report said. The Federal law "On contract system in the field of procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs" may become the legal basis for the increase of capacity of the domestic market and expansion of purchases of domestic products. According to experts, the volume of the Russian government to order fish fillets and fish fingers can reach 90 thousand tons per year.
Deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation Georgy Charles also believes in solving problems of the fishing industry can significantly help the state order: "I Think that today nobody would argue with the fact that the objective of all governments and regulators, Federal and local - is to return the Russian fish on counters". In his opinion, first of all, you should minimize the barriers that prevent the appearance on the domestic market a wider range of products at an affordable price. "If this task every one of them will be solved at a high professional level and with understanding of the needs of the industry, we get the desired result in a much shorter time and will be able to feed the children of our environmentally friendly and helpful wild fish, and not Chinese tilapia and Vietnamese pangasius", - said the MP.
Dmitry Zhuravlev, Director of the Institute of regional problems
sections: Economics |